the c language

C program to implement bit flipping.

Posted on by Sandeepa Nadahalli
Write a C program to implement bit flipping.
C Program to setbits(x,p,n,y) that returns x with the n bits that begin at position p set to the rightmost n bits of y, leaving the other bits unchanged in the least number of lines.
Bit flipping or flip bit is the complement(~) of bits. i.e., 0 to 1 and vise versa. bit flipping is the bits manipulation or processing individual bits within a byte. Bit flipping is used in the very low-level programming and is often used in graphics and systems programming.Read more about C Programming Language .
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <limits.h>

unsigned setbits(unsigned x, unsigned p, unsigned n, unsigned y) {
 x |= (y & ~(~0 << n)) << p;
 size_t s = (int)(log(INT_MAX)/log(2)) + 1;
 printf("nnnSuccess! Number after bit flipping: n", s);
 int mask = pow(2.0, (int)s);
 do {
  ((x & mask) == 0) ? printf("0") : printf("1");
  ((s%4)==0) ? printf(" ") : printf("");
  x <<= 1;
 } while (s--);
 printf("n");
}


void main( ) {
 unsigned retrn=1, begin=0, nbits=0, num=0;

 printf("Enter the number to bit flip!n");
 scanf("%d",&num);
 printf("Enter the number of bits to be flip!n");
 scanf("%d",&nbits);
 printf("Enter the position to begin bit flip!n");
 scanf("%d",&begin);
 unsigned x = setbits(retrn, begin, nbits, num);

}
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C Program to print factors of the number.

Posted on by Sandeepa Nadahalli
Write a C Program to print factors of a number. Factors of a whole number are the whole numbers which are exactly divides the number. i.e reminder is equal to zero.
Example: Factors of 8 are: 1, 2, 4, and 8.
Read more about C Programming Language .
/***********************************************************
* You can use all the programs on  www.c-program-example.com
* for personal and learning purposes. For permissions to use the
* programs for commercial purposes,
* contact info@c-program-example.com
* To find more C programs, do visit www.c-program-example.com
* and browse!
* 
*                      Happy Coding
***********************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
{
 void main( )
 {
  int num,x;
  clrscr( );
  printf("Enter the required number:");
  scanf("%d",&num);
  printf("nThe factors are:");
  for(x=1; x<=num; x++)
  {
   if(num%x==0)
    printf("n%d",x);
  }
  getch( );
 }
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C Program to implement topological sort.

Posted on by Sandeepa Nadahalli
Write a c program to implement topological sort.
Topological sort is the ordering vertices of a directed, acyclic graph(DAG), so that if there is an arc from vertex i to vertex j, then i appears before j in the linear ordering. Read more about C Programming Language .
/***********************************************************
* You can use all the programs on  www.c-program-example.com
* for personal and learning purposes. For permissions to use the
* programs for commercial purposes,
* contact info@c-program-example.com
* To find more C programs, do visit www.c-program-example.com
* and browse!
* 
*                      Happy Coding
***********************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#define MAX 200
int n,adj[MAX][MAX];
int front = -1,rear = -1,queue[MAX];
void main()
{
 int i,j = 0,k;
 int topsort[MAX],indeg[MAX];
 create_graph();
 printf(“The adjacency matrix is:n”);
 display();
 for(i=1;i<+n;i++)
 {
  indeg[i]=indegree(i);
  if(indeg[i]==0)
   insert_queue(i);
 }
 while(front<=rear)
 {
  k=delete_queue();
  topsort[j++]=k;
  for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
  {
   if(adj[k][i]==1)
   {
    adj[k][i]=0;
    indeg[i]=indeg[i]-1;
    if(indeg[i]==0)
     insert_queue(i);
   }
  }
 }
 printf("Nodes after topological sorting are:n");
 for(i=0;i<=n;i++)
  printf("%d",topsort[i]);
 printf("n");
}
create_graph()
{
 int i,max_edges,origin,destin;
 printf("n Enter number of vertices:");
 scamf("%d",&n);
 max_edges = n * (n - 1);
 for(i = 1;i <= max_edges;i++)
 {
  printf("n Enter edge %d (00 to quit):",i);
  scanf("%d%d",&origin,&destin);
  if((origin == 0) && (destin == 0))
  {
   printf("Invalid edge!!n");
   i–;
  }
  else
   adj[origin][destin] = 1;
 }return;
}
display()
{
 int i,j;
 for(i = 0;i <= n;i++)
 {
  for(j = 1;jrear)
  {
   printf(“Queue Underflow”);
   return;
  }
  else
  {
   del_item = queue[front];
   front = front + 1;
   return del_item;
  }
 }
 int indegree(int node)
 {
  int i,in_deg = 0;
  for(i = 1;i <= n;i++)
   if(adj[i][node] == 1)
    in_deg++;
  returnin_deg;
 }




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K & R C Programs Exercise 3-6.

Posted on by Sandeepa Nadahalli
K and R C, Solution to Exercise 3-6:
K and R C Programs Exercises provides the solution to all the exercises in the C Programming Language (2nd Edition). You can learn and solve K&R C Programs Exercise.
C program to change version of itoa that accepts three arguments instead of two(K and R C Exercise 3-4). The third argument is a minimum field width; the converted number must be paddle with blanks on the left if necessary to make it wide enough. Read more about C Programming Language .
/***********************************************************
* You can use all the programs on  www.c-program-example.com
* for personal and learning purposes. For permissions to use the
* programs for commercial purposes,
* contact info@c-program-example.com
* To find more C programs, do visit www.c-program-example.com
* and browse!
* 
*                      Happy Coding
***********************************************************/

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>
#define abs(x)  ((x) < 0 ? -(x) : (x))
void itoa(int n, char s[], int w);
void reverse(char s[]);

int main(void) {
 char buffer[20];

 printf("INT_MIN: %dn", INT_MIN);
 itoa(INT_MIN, buffer);
 printf("Buffer : %sn", buffer);

 return 0;
}
//itoa: convert to n characters in s, w characters wide.
void itoa(int n, char s[], int w)
{
 void int i, sign;
 void everse(char s[]);
 sign = n;
 i = 0;
 do{
  s[i++] = abs(n%10) + '0';
  printf("%d %% %d + '0' = %dn", n, 10, s[i-1]);
 }while((n/=10)!=0);
 if(sign < 0)
  s[i++] = '-';
 while(i < w)
  s[i++] = ' ';
 s[i] = '